An epidemic of Burnout recognized by the World Health Organization

The following post was inspired by this article:

https://edition.cnn.com/2019/05/27/health/who-burnout-disease-trnd/index.html


Archaeologists have found evidence of farming that dates as far back as 9500 BCE.  Since that time,  humans have been toiling and to ensure that they could feed themselves and care for their families.  The Industrial Revolution saw a shift whereby workers largely moved from agriculture jobs located in the country and in villages to manufacturing jobs located in the city.  The ability to measure time, according to some historians, led to the modern work day.  I wonder if early workers gave a thought to how hard they worked.  Did they complain about it or was it was simply a fact of life?  Did they suffer, and if so, how was the suffering experienced and lived?

Fast forward to 2019.  Enter quality of life and privilege.  No longer do we measure health by our ability to provide the basic necessities.  Psychologists and other disciplines currently measure health and wellness by examining factors such as engagement, connection, and overall happiness.  In the romantic relationship realm, standards for a good life have also changed;  People marry for love rather than to combine property or increase the size of their army.  Humans in developed societies have constructed a world where they have the mental energy to wax philosophical about existence and ponder the meaning and value of life.  Concerns about survival have perhaps been replaced by  'higher order'  affairs.

In line with this progression is overall satisfaction with one's work. It is no longer a given that work will be hard.

This blog is about burnout and stress leave from work.  I want to add here that when I was practicing in the US, I only once heard of someone going on stress leave from work.  Sure, people around me were stressed.  Many people I knew worked long hours.  I worked long hours during parts of my career.  I experienced stress but would have never given myself an actual clinical label.  My father's father worked during the Great Depression and ethic of hard work somehow passed down through the generations and lodged firmly into my psyche.  Work is supposed to be hard.

When I first moved to Denmark and started practicing, I started seeing my first cases of work related stress and burnout.  From my capitalist point of view, it was discombobulating.  I reasoned that work stress was more of a cultural phenomenon rather than an objective fact.  I remained open but was skeptical.

Two things happened that influenced my thinking but were in contradiction to one another.  The first is that I saw many advantages to the Danish lifestyle.  Danish people just seem more relaxed and they have won 'the happiest people' in the world award more than once.  I also started to relax and found myself sauntering, instead of rushing to work.  There just always seems to be more time this country.  In retrospect, USA work standards now seem malignant to me.  I personally know people who struggle to get to work on time, due to car troubles, and who have unforgiving bosses.  Most people I know work 40+ hours per week and don't get nearly the vacation we get here in Denmark.  But the other thing that happened that affected my thinking.was the refugee crisis and the proliferation of the term 'white privilege'.  For those of us who work in the Western world and have 'stressful' jobs, I am sure there are many refugees who would love to take our place.  Though I have embraced the philosophy of work/life balance as an ideal, it's still hard for me, as a privileged white person, to grasp that it's an 'illness' to have stress at work. 

The collective body of the World Health Organization has however, deemed that burnout is real and even gets the claim of being named an actual disorder.  In the realm of diagnosis, we must take everything with a grain of salt.  While it's important to take the suffering of others seriously, the  labeling of disorders is a social phenomenon shaped by cultural values and the times.  But in my current state of mind, I am glad that this international health institution has made this shift.  I hope it extends beyond developed societies and everyone, the world round, reflects about when work is too much.

I welcome your comments.

Debbie Quackenbush, Ph.D. is a Clinical Psychologist who has been practicing for thirty years in both the USA and Denmark.  You can find out more about her at her website, here:   debbiequackenbush.com.

Mindfulness in Frederiksberg

Mindfulness and mindfulness meditation are concepts that have been well integrated into our modern day psychology vocabulary.  Blame the Buddhists or blame Marsha Lenihan, but mindfulness is here to stay at it seems to be a modern-day cure all-- an elixer for all of your emotional woes.  In my experience however, some of the people who need these techniques have the most difficulty utilizing them.   For the most agitated of people, it can feel like utter hell to sit still and breathe for just ten minutes.  Perhaps it's not unlike what happens when someone who is tremendously out of physical shape tries to get fit;  those first attempts at fitness and exercise are not only tortuous, but also not immediately beneficial.  The benefits are instead reaped over time and with practice.

There are many activities that can, I believe, mimic the mindful focus on the 'here and now'.  Even the most banal of tasks-- for example, sweeping the floor or washing dishes, can transcend the humdrum and become a pathway to calm, silence and simple purpose.

My first creations-- I am a bit proud of them!

A few weeks ago I was walking through Frederiksberg when I ran across this place:   Restart ('Rest-Art').  It's next-door to an art  gallery and the view from the window was just one of workspaces and art supplies.  I had to go inside and see what it was all about.  I did this and met the owner, Marianne.  She explained the concept to me and her belief that engaging in creative endeavors can help one to de-stress.  She gave me a small tour and explained some of the paints and supplies around the shop.  There were so many different media that I had no idea what to do initially (I am definitely not an artist) so I looked to her for guidance.  She offered suggestions and ideas about techniques-- enough to get a non-artist started. Since then, I have been back a few times and made some small, usable things.  In my opinion, it was a great way to slow down and unwind a bit.  I think these kinds of active endeavors (as opposed to more passive ones such as closing one's eyes and focusing on one's breath) are a bit better suited for people who struggle with meditation.   Of course, the point is not what you create (though it can be a fun by-product) but the process of being present in the task.

I should note that the prices were quite reasonable.   Depending on the media you use, the experience can cost less than going to a movie.  Coffee and juice are of course, extra and can make the experience more expensive.  I left feeling excited and inspired in an American way that probably made the Danish owner slightly uncomfortable.  I want to recommend this place as a little oasis where one can retreat from life's hustle and bustle and get in touch with their creative side.

On the perils of rumination

Since ancient Greece have humans valued our ability to manipulate concepts in our mind.  Numerous courses exist these days that teach people how to think logically and ethically.  However, thinking is not always a helpful endeavor.  Sometimes it can even lead to pain and suffering.  Excessive thinking about a worrisome topic can create anger and depression.  This kind of thinking has been labelled 'rumination' by psychologists.  Many people who ruminate do so obsessively with the hope that the thinking will eventually lead to some sort of solution.  'If only I can think my way through this' the ruminator believes, 'I will solve my problem and feel better.'  This belief is fundamentally incorrect.  Our brains routinely make logical errors and thus. thinking is not the path to truth.   Practitioners of meditation know are well aware of this. 

Descartes reified thinking

I came across this article and thought it expressed this sentiment better than I could:

https://medium.com/thrive-global/how-psychologists-treat-the-kind-of-thinking-that-leads-to-depression-a690a0cebade